Smerové charakteristiky mikrofónu

Smerová charakteristika vyjadruje citlivosť mikrofónu na uhle, ktorý zaberá akustická os mikrofónu so zdrojom.

Guľa (guľová, všesmerová charakteristika) – má verný zvuk a prirodzený výsledok snímania. Je ideálna na konferencie, klasickú hudbu a pod. Naopak sa nehodí na hlasné koncertné vystúpenia, pretože sníma okolitý šum.
Osmička (osmičková charakteristika) – snímanie funguje na princípe rozdielu tlakov, čím ďalej ste od mikrofón, tým silnejšie sú snímané basy, čo využívajú niektorí DJ pri živých vystúpeniach. Osmička sa využíva napríklad v rozhlase.
Oblička – (kardioidná charakteristika) – vylepšená osmička. Mikrofón sníma predovšetkým prednou časťou membrány a bokmi. Snímanie zadnou stranou je potlačené. Ide o najčastejšie používanú charakteristiku pre štúdiové aj pódiové mikrofóny.

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