Self-Monitoring, Analysis, and Reporting Technology, or S.M.A.R.T. for short, is a monitoring system integrated into hard disk drives (HDDs) and solid-state drives (SSDs) that monitors various indicators related to drive operation and reliability. S.M.A.R.T. is designed to provide users with advance warning of potential drive problems, allowing them to take preventative measures such as backing up data or replacing the drive before failure occurs.