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DOT 4 Brake Fluids

DOT 4 brake fluids are a type of glycol-based fluid used in vehicle hydraulic brake systems. The number 4 indicates a specific standard that defines key properties, especially the boiling point. A distinction is made between dry and wet boiling points. The dry boiling point refers to the boiling point of the new fluid and is set at a minimum of 230 °C for DOT 4. The wet boiling point is the boiling point after the liquid has absorbed a certain amount of air moisture and is at least 155 °C. Brake fluids are hygroscopic, which means that they absorb water from the surrounding environment. The water in the system lowers the boiling point, and under heavy braking it can overheat and create vapour bubbles. This phenomenon, known as 'vapour lock', causes brake failure because vapour, unlike liquid, is compressible.

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